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American campaign slogan

Trump's "Make America Bully Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence equally his vice presidential running mate

"Brand America Great Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a entrada slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential entrada. Ronald Reagan used the like slogan "Let's Make America Groovy Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton too used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton'due south unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary entrada. Douglas Schoen has chosen Trump's utilise of the phrase "probably the most resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in decline.[2] [3]

The slogan became a pop civilisation phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, amusement and politics, being used past those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link information technology to racism in the United States, regarding it as dog-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [5] [6] [7] The slogan was also at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in about media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the Jan 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [10] [11]

Use before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was commencement used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a speech at the third session of the 76th Us Congress in apprehension of the 1940 United States presidential election: "What is the mode? Hither is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who tin coordinate labor, capital, and management; who can give the man of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That will brand America keen again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was plant in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let's make America great again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential entrada. At the time the United states was suffering from a worsening economy at dwelling house marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country's economical distress as a springboard for his entrada, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[14] [fifteen] [16] [17] Within his credence speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, specially in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abandoned hope, we'll restore hope and nosotros'll welcome them into a great national crusade to make America great again."[18] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was as well used in speeches[20] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential primary campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump'southward version, used equally a campaign rallying cry, was a bulletin to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "requite y'all an economy you had 50 years agone, and... move you back up on the social totem pole and other people downwards."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell'due south book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid every bit the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Press on August 16, 2011, as Troublemaker: Let'due south Do What Information technology Takes to Make America Great Again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Slap-up Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump fabricated a argument in which he said he was unwilling to dominion out running every bit a presidential candidate in the hereafter, explaining "I must get out all of my options open because, in a higher place all else, we must brand America great again."[25] Too in December 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #one Once more" – which in a 2015 reissue was inverse to "Make America Swell Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Brand America Neat Again" by stitching information technology onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of Land's role to create the "Make America Slap-up Again Party", which would have allowed Trump to be that party's nominee if he had decided to become a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. Past his own account, Trump showtime considered "Nosotros Will Make America Slap-up", only did not feel like it had the right "ring" to it. "Brand America Great" was his next slogan idea, but upon farther reflection, he felt that information technology was a slight to America because information technology implied that America was never great. Subsequently selecting "Make America Great Over again", Trump immediately had an attorney annals information technology. (Trump subsequently said he was unaware of Reagan's use in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the Us Patent and Trademark Office requesting exclusive rights to use the slogan for political purposes. Information technology was registered every bit a service mark on July fourteen, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [xxx] Trump used the slogan in public every bit early equally August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Great Again" on a roadside in California shortly afterwards the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Continue America Great" hat in Dec 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump often used the slogan, peculiarly by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which presently became pop amongst his supporters.[32] The slogan was so of import to the entrada that at one point it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or tv commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that apocryphal versions outnumbered the real lid x to 1. "...but information technology was a slogan, and every fourth dimension somebody buys one, that'south an advertisement."[28]

Following Trump's election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Keep America Neat" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] Yet, Trump'due south 2020 campaign continued to utilize the "Make America Corking Again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule.[36] In tardily 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[37]

Less than a week subsequently Trump left role, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a tertiary political party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Party" or "Brand America Great Over again Political party". In his kickoff few days out of part, he also supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise called for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In late Jan 2021, the old president viewed the proposed MAGA Party equally leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[38] [39]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is not Presidential – it'south Modernistic DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Again!" on July 1, 2017.[40]

In the start half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[41] In an commodity for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post's retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[41]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 ballot with interviews, speeches, and social media."[42] According to RiteTag,[43] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter lone include: 1,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[43]

Donald Trump set upwardly his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Political party nomination (May three, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[44]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America announcer, among others,[v] [6] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it every bit racist coded language, but likewise to those who have felt a loss of condition every bit other groups have go more empowered."[four] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan at present resonates as America Beginning did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks similar me, the American fantasy I imagine existed earlier it was diluted with other races and other people."[45]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Cracking Again' lid is non necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you habiliment one, it's a pretty good indication that you share, adore or appreciate President Trump'south racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and edge walls."[6] The Detroit Free Printing and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are show of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[46] [47] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabled", writing: "It was vague plenty to appeal to optimists generally, while leaving enough of room for biting and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[48] Polling has shown that nigh ten per centum of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[49] [ non-chief source needed ] while about 30 per centum of Hispanic voters identified equally Trump supporters.[50] [ improve source needed ]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 volume titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and But Liberals – Tin Win the War on Terror and Make America Great Over again [51] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr later the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a volume about her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let's Practice What It Takes To Make America Bang-up Again.[52]

Subsequently Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election entrada and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Brand America Not bad Over again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send cease-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Debate Again", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa Jan 28, 2016 contend.[53] The phrase has besides been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America Mexico Once again", a critique of Trump's immigration policies regarding the U.Due south.–Mexico border.[54] [55]

Use by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that not bad" during a September 2018 bill signing.[56] [57] Former US Attorney Full general Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you think America was dandy?"[58] [59] During John McCain's memorial service on September ane, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to exist made dandy again because America was always cracking."[sixty] Trump subsequently tweeted "MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN!" later that day.[61]

Use past detest groups [edit]

A 2018 report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks institute that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used every bit "an organizing discursive space" for far-correct extremists globally.[62]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last judgement of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet slap-up again."[63]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, quondam opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "brand Indonesia corking again", though he denied having copied Trump.[64]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Autonomous Party used the slogan "Make European union Lagom Once again".[65] [66]

February 2019 Fridays for Future protestation in Berlin with the line "Make Earth Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Hereafter Movement have oftentimes used slogans similar "Make Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[67] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Make the World Greta Over again.[68]

In pop civilisation [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Again" stage properties reminiscent of the "Make America Great Once more" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA chapeau

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Adult film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Again" strip club bout. The bout followed Trump'due south initial 2016 campaign trail and part of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[69]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Dunk Once more".[seventy]

Artwork [edit]

  • Brand Everything Great Again was a street art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Republic of lithuania.[71] [72]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand-upwardly tour was titled "Making America Neat Once more".[73]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Adult Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed every bit the Earth Trade Center during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Dandy Again" hats.[74] [75] [76]

Fashion [edit]

  • Style Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Cracking Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Cherry Carpeting east.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[77]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Peachy Once more" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[78]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Great Again" fez hat in one scene.[79]
  • The Syfy moving-picture show Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Again".[eighty]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Ballot Year (2016) is "Go on America Great" (a phrase Trump would subsequently employ as his 2020 campaign slogan); i of the TV spots for the movie featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does so "to keep my country [America] great".[81] The adjacent film in the franchise, The First Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its championship stylized on a MAGA chapeau.[82]
  • The character Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the motion picture.[83]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassinator's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Brand Athens Great Once again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld neat again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Complimentary Once again" in its marketing entrada.[84]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Great Again" during his speech while battling Raiden.[85]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Male child released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Brand America Psycho Once more.[86]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a vocal in 2018 called Yard.A.T.A, pregnant Make America Trap Once again.[87]
  • Make America Rock Once more was a rock concert tour.[88]
  • Rap stone supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Confronting the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Again Tour", using a stage properties reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • Britain musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protestation anthology in 2020 called 'Make ANGER Corking Again'[89]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Brand America Crip Once again".[xc]
  • Frank Turner released a song chosen "Make America Great Again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Great Again" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[91]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat saying Brand America Skate again in Chance the Rapper'due south video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an anthology titled Brand America Trap Again (2019), with cover art inspired past the Barack Obama "Hope" affiche.[92]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Anarchism released a song titled Make America Great Again.[93]
  • Metal band Thy Art Is Murder released a song chosen "Make America Hate Over again" on their anthology Human Target (2019). They as well sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Great Again".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat maxim "Brand Baseball Fun Once more" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia E. Butler used "Make America Great Again" as the presidential campaign slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[94] Jarret is described every bit "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled faith and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[95]
  • Writer Andre Louis wrote and published "Brand America Date Once more",[96] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Television receiver [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Last Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment defended to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Once more", in reference to the original ancestral name of the Trump family unit.[97] [98] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 meg views.[98]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[99]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "brand the Empire glorious over again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[100] [101] [102] [103]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
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  7. ^ Rebecca Solnit (2018). Phone call Them by Their True Names: American Crises (and Essays). Haymarket Books. Trump'south slogan, 'Make America corking again', seemed to invoke a return to a Never Never Land of white male supremacy, where coal was an awesome fuel, blue-color manufacturing jobs were what they had been in 1956, women belong in the dwelling, and the needs of white men were paramount.
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  67. ^ "Greta Thunberg tells Rome: They have stolen our hereafter". Republica. April 19, 2019. Retrieved June 17, 2019.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

fullerbaginert.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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